Abstract: Agent technologies, including retrieval- augmented generation (RAG), tool calling, and multi- agent collaboration, are accelerating their entry into the government services sector. Government agents must maintain a dynamic balance between the expansion of technical capabilities and the constraints of institutional authority and accountability. This paper systematically reviews relevant literature and proposes a four- stage technical evolution framework encompassing basic dialogue, prompt engineering, context augmentation, and agent framework. It analyzed application status across four scenarios including public consultation, hotline response, intelligent testing, and assisted approval. Through comprehensive literature review, this paper distilled three critical analytical threads: capability- accountability alignment, progressive autonomy, and value leap from efficiency substitution to process reengineering. It constructed a five- dimensional performance evaluation framework, proposed a dual- loop feedback mechanism combining a technical inner loop with a governance outer loop, and examined governance constraints across factual, security, institutional, and organizational dimensions. The study finds that current practices remain focused on efficiency substitution, with the potential for process reengineering constrained by institutional barriers, rather than by technological capabilities themselves.